Performance of four chrysanthemum [Dendranthema frandiflora (Ramat.) Kitam] varieties conserved in vitro / Kurniawan Budiarto ; Teresita L. Rosario, chair, advisory committee.
Abstract
The performance of the plantlets of four varieties of chrysanthemum (Pasopati, Padma Buana, Puspita Nusantara and Tirta Ayuni) maintained in vitro for 2, 4, 6 and 8 months in four different conservation media under dark and low temperature were evaluated. The conservation media included 1/2 MS + 2.5% DMSO; full strength Tsuchiya; 1/4 strength Tsuchiya. To each medium 15 g/L sucrose + 15% mannitol were added. The surviving plantlets after the conservation periods were grown in vivo and were likewise evaluated and compared with their corresponding unconserved varieties. The varieties showed significant increases in plantlet height, number and length of internodes and in the development of leaves with time. There was growth suppression and lack of root development in all varieties conserved in 1/2 MS + 2.5% DMSO; the least number of roots were observed in full strength Tsuchiya. The survival rate of the plantlets of Tirta Ayuni conserved in 1/2 and 1/4 strength Tsuchiya media and of Puspita Nusantara in 1/4 strength Tsuchiya was 100% after 8 months of storage period. The vegetative and flowering characteristics of the conserved and unconserved varieties did not differ. Likewise, there were nochanges in their karyotypes in terms of chromosome alteration, chromosome classi fication, and number of chromosomes.