Genetic diversity, morphometric, production and reproductive traits of Philippine native pigs from Kalinga, Benguet, Isabela, Quezon, Marinduque and Eastern Samar

Date

6-2025

Abstract

Philippine native pigs are valuable genetic resources known for adaptability but remain under- characterized. Six SUC-established populations namely, Kalinga (K), Benguet (B), Isabela (I), Marinduque (M), Quezon (Q), and Eastern Samar (ES) were assessed via microsatellite genotyping and phenotypic evaluation. Ten ISAG-FAO markers (S0026, S0155, S0005, Sw2410, Sw830, S0228, Swr1941, Sw240, Sw857, S0090), were used in microchip electrophoresis (MCE) and compared when used with fragment analyzer (FA). MCE showed all ten markers as polymorphic with observed number of alleles (NA=7.25), effective number of alleles (NE=4.16) and polymorphic information content (PIC=0.757). ES population had the highest observed heterozygosity (HO = 0.41) and expected heterozygosity (HE = 0.73) and the K population had the lowest (HO = 0.34, HE =0.66). FA showed higher HO (0.705, p = 0.0290) and lower fixation index F = 0.015, p < 0.0001). STRUCTURE and dendrogram analyses revealed two clusters: (1) B, K, M, and ES; (2) I, and Q. Morphometrically, Q females were largest with body length (BL = 86.96 cm), and K males were smallest (BL = 54.17 cm). In production traits, M females and Q males had the highest itter weaning weight ith 24.82 kg and 21.19 kg respectively. In reproduction, ES had the highest birth weight (1.00 kg), largest litter size born alive (7.43 piglets), but highest pre-weaning mortality (1.43 piglets). These findings support genetic management through sustainable utilization and improvement strategies for Cluster 1, and targeted selection and breeding for Cluster 2. Aligning strategies with genetic clusters ensures both productivity and preservation of native pig resources.

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy in Genetics

College

Graduate School (GS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Maria Genaleen Q. Diaz

Committee Member

Agapita J. Salces, Rita P. Laude, Ma. Carmina C. Mauel, Joy B. Banayo

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

En – AGROVOC descriptors

PIGLETS; PIG BREEDS; ELECTROPHORESIS; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; ANIMAL MORPHOLOGY

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