Morphological and cytological characterization of sugarcane Saccharum officinarum L. from Victoria Milling Corp., Philippines

Date

4-2004

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Biology

Major Course

Major in Cell Biology

College

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Merlyn S. Mendioro

Abstract

OCAMPO, LISETTE DOROTHY MENDOZA. 2004. Morphological and Cytological Characterization of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) from victoria Milling Corp., Philippines. University of the Philippines at Los Banos. BS Biology major in Cell Biology. Major Adviser: Merlyn S. Mendioro

ABSTRACT

Five sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) accessions (VMC 67-347, VMC 68-438, VMC 68-774, VMC 74-290 and VMC 79-901) from Victoria Milling Corp., Philippines were morphologically and cytologically characterized. They were morphologically characterized twice, 7-8 months after planting and 10-12 months after planting. VMC 67-347, VMC 68-438, VMC 68-774, VMC 74-290 and VMC 79-901 characterized 7-8 months after planting showed high variability in the morphological characteristics. Only 13 out of 53 morphological characters are the same in all the five accessions. Similarities were in leaf carriages (open in all five accessions), absence of genetic freckles (absent in all five accessions), and ligule shape (all are orbicular crescent). All had no stripes on canes but all have corky cracks on the stalks, straight stalk alignment, with prominent buds that were bulging but without grooves or depression. Morphological characterization of 10-12 month old canes showed that all the stalks of the five sugarcane hybrids had no lodging tendencies and had round internode cross sections. However, variations in stalk lengths and plant heights were observed. VMC 79-901 obtained the highest stalk length (357.5 cm) and also the highest plant height (519.8 cm). The stem epidermal patterns of the five accessions belong to Type V with 0%-20% cork-silica pairs. Chromosome numbers vary in each accession (VMC 67-347 2n=80-110, VMC 68-438 2n=80-94, VMC 68-774 2n=82-112, VMC 74-290 2n=80-112 and VMC 79-901 2n=80-114). No multivalents were formed. Higher frequency of bivalents than univalents was observed in the four accessions. Highest bivalent frequencies in each accession were noted (VMC 67-437 50 II and 40 II (12%); VMC 68-438 41 II (18%); VMC 68-774 55 II and 48 II (8%); VMC 74-290 50 II (12%); VMC 79-901 55 II and 45 II (12%)). Univalent formation observed was due to non-pairing of some chromosomes. Among the five accessions, VMC 74-290 obtained the highest frequency of non-congression at Metaphase I. No laggard formation occurred. Non-congression and laggard formation were observed at Anaphase I and Telophase I. VMC 68-438 showed the highest frequency of non-congression (26%) at Anaphase I while VMC 74-290 exhibited the highest frequency of laggards both in Anaphase I (6%) and Telophase I (14%). The lagging chromosomes observed in the five accessions managed to catch up to the opposite poles. Normal Telophase I ranged from 96-100%.

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

Call Number

Thesis

Document Type

Thesis

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