Nested PCR assay detection of Piroplasms (Babesia and Theileria) in cattle from Isabela Province

Date

2024

Degree

Doctor of Veterinary Medicine

Adviser/Committee Chair

Remil L. Galay

Abstract

Bovine piroplasmosis, caused by protozoan parasites transmitted by ticks, constitutes a formidable challenge to the cattle industry, impacting both productivity and animal health. Despite its significance, epidemiological data and surveillance in Isabela Province are lacking. Thus, this study was conducted to provide data on the distribution of piroplasms in Isabela. Blood was collected from 314 cattle from commercial and backyard farms across five municipalities through purposive convenience sampling. Information including age, sex, breed, tick infestation, body condition score (BCS), and packed cell volume (PCV) were noted. After extraction of DNA, samples were initially tested for the 18S rRNA gene of piroplasms through nested PCR. Positive samples were further subjected to nested PCR targeting the rapl-a gene of Babesia bovis and B. bigemina and conventional PCR targeting the MPSP gene of Theileria orientalis. Results showed an overall positivity rate of 59.2% for piroplasms, specifically with B. bovis (37.9%) being the most prevalent, followed by B. bigemina (34.7%) and T. orientalis (26.8%). Mixed infections underscored the intricate interplay between piroplasms. Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between sex and the presence of piroplasms (Babesia/Theileria spp.). B. bovis infection was also significantly associated with the breed. There were significant associations between tick infestation and the presence of B. bovis and B. bigemina. No significant associations were found between piroplasms and age, BCS, or PCV. These findings highlight the need for the implementation of control measures against piroplasms in Isabela Province and continued surveillance in mitigating the burden of bovine piroplasmosis.

Language

English

Location

UPLB College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM)

Notes

Awards : Salcedo L. Eduardo Best Undergraduate Thesis Award in Veterinary Parasitology

Document Type

Thesis

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