Comparative analysis of kamia (Hedychium coronarium JK.) essential oil obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and solvent extraction

Date

3-2001

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

College

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Hidelisa P. Hernandez

Co-adviser

Jose H. Santos

Committee Member

Milagros M. Peralta

Abstract

Kamia essential oil was obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-0O2) and hexane extraction from flowers of Hedychiunt coronariunt. Operating at 40 °C and 1800 psi, SC-CO, extraction produced 0.15 % (w/w) of fine floral scented, bright yellow and viscous extract. On the other hand, extraction with hexanes yielded 0.23 % (w/w) of strong and heavy scented, brownish yellow-orange and viscous absolute oil. Extraction with SC-CO, lasted three and a half hours, while solvent extraction required six days to produce the absolute. Evaluation of physical and chemical properties of the oils revealed a high content of dextrorotatory compounds in the SC-CO, extract (+ 2.4°) but low acid and ester values (17.6 and 16.9 mg/g, respectively) as compared with kamia solvent extract whose specific rotation, acid value and ester value was + 1.0°,'18.4 and 33.9 mg/g, respectively. GC-MS analysis of the extracts allowed for the tentative identification of the components. SC-CO, extraction was found to be effective in extracting fragrant compounds, n-alkane plant waxes (>C,9) as well as terpenes which includes P-caryophyllene and β- sesquiphellandrene, a major component of ginger oil. On the other hand, solvent extraction was observed to be better than SFE in extracting oxygenated compounds including methyl jasmonate and methyl β-jasmonate, compounds previously reported to be present in kamia flower essential oil. Infrared analysis of the absolute agreed with the GC-MS results. IR analysis also confirmed the low concentration of acid and esters in the SC-CO, extract. Sensory analysis of the oils and the flower was conducted with a 25-member consumer panel. Odor descriptor test described the scent of kamia flower to be floral and sweet. The SC-CO, extract was perceived to have diminished floral and sweet odor compared with the fresh flower but with characteristic bitter, burnt, medicinal and green notes. On the other hand, tk, solvent extract had strong bitter, burnt, medicinal, mossy and woody smell. Statistical analysis revealed that the odor of the SC-CO, extract was not significant different from the scent of the flower while the odors of the solvent extract and the flower were significantly different. It also showed that at 1% level of significance, the preference for the odor of both flower and SC-CO, extract was not significantly different while the preference for the scent of the absolute was significantly lower than the two other samples. Material cost analysis of the two extraction methods showed that the absolute obtained by extraction of kamia flowers with hexanes is slightly cheaper than the SC-CO, extract. In general, the research conducted on the extraction of kamia essential oil presented that SC-CO, extraction produced oil with better smell due to its close resemblance to the smell of fresh kamia flower. Results of all analyses also showed that the type of extraction method employed has a significant effect on the physical and chemical properties of the oil produced.

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

Call Number

LG 993.5 2001 C4 L67

Document Type

Thesis

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