Comparative analysis of ylang- ylang (Cananga odorata (Lam)) Hooker and Thomas, Tiaong Acc.) essential oil and wax obtained by Hydrodistillation, solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction

Date

4-2007

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

College

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Hidelisa P. Hernandez

Abstract

This research was conducted to compare three methods of extractions, hydrodistillation, solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction in terms of quality of oil obtained, % yield and duration of extraction. The absolute from the solvent extract was analyzed. The oil yield from hydrodistillation (HD), solvent extraction (SE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were 0.75 %, 1.11 % and 1.22 %, respectively. Physical and chemical properties of the oils where also determined. One milliliter of 95% ethanol dissolves 0.26 gram of hydrodistillate, 0.16 grain of solvent extract and 0.15 grant of supercritical fluid extract. Acid values obtained were 5.80 (for HD), 8.86 (for SE) and 10.80 (for SFE). Ester values of HD, SE and SFE were 109.77, 109.71 and 109.90 respectively. Optical rotation of 1 ID (-46° to -54°), SE (-26° to -29°) and SFE (-50° to -55°) were also determined. Based on the obtained ester and optical rotation values, the SD and SFE oils can be classified as la class, lb category in Jaerhling's classification. Classes of compounds present in the oils were determined using FT-IR analysis. The oils contained aromatic compounds, esters, alkenes and alcohols. These results were supported by GC-MS analysis. Through GC-MS, the tentative identities of some of the compounds present in the three oil samples were determined. The major components of the ylang-ylang essential oils present in all three extracts include linalool, benzyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, benzyl benzoate and caryophyllene. Based on the study, compounds present in the oil obtained from three different methods, hydrodistillation, solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction contain almost the same components but in different concentrations although some compounds are present in one oil but absent on the other. Arninoguanidine and benzyl alcohol are present only in SEE. Only the solvent extract showed anethole but in small amount. Spathulenol can only be found in hydrodistillate. (E)-2-Ftexenyl benzoate can be detected in solvent extract in trace amount. Wax obtained during the solvent extraction was also analyzed by determining some of its physical and chemical properties. The percent yield of the wax was 1.2% based on the fresh weight of the sample. Its melting point range was determined to be 72,85°C. Acid value of the wax was relatively higher at 18.42 compared to the oil. Optical rotation of wax is +18.74 at 32.5°C. Tentative identification of the classes of compounds present in ylang-ylang was through infrared analysis was also done. The spectra of the wax indicated the presence of alkyl group, ester and same aromatic compounds.

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

Call Number

LG 993.5 2007 C4 M38

Document Type

Thesis

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