Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nut shell liquid : fractionation, derivatization and insecticidal activity against powder-post beetle (Dinoderus minutus)

Date

4-2007

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

College

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Ernesto J Del Rosario

Abstract

ABSTRACT

OCCIANO, MA. CECILIA LEONIDAS. College of Arts and Science, University of the Philippines Los Banos April 2007_ Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L) Nut Shell Liquid: Fractionation, Derivatization and Insecticidal Activity against Powder-Post Beetles (Dinoderus minutus).

ADVISER: Ernesto J del Rosario. Ph.D

This study deals with extraction, physicochemical characterization and determination of insecticidal activity of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nut shell liquid (CNSL). Natural CNSL was obtained using a mechanical expeller_ Physicochemical properties like density, viscosity. moisture and ash content of the extract were determined and compared with specifications for CNSL. Using thin layer chromatography (TLC). three components of natural CNSL were identified and isolated_ The anacardic acid component was precipitated as the calcium salt Solvent extraction was performed on technical CNSL which was obtained from heated (decarboxylattx1) natural CNSL in order to isolate the cardol and cardanol fractions. The three isolated components were also subjected to TLC. The calculated Rf values corresponded to anacardic acid. cardanol and cardol based on previous study. I he separated anacardic acid was derivatized by esterification with methanol. The nthesized ester together with the isolated phenolic components were subjected to Infrared (IR) and Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. The IR spectra of cardanol and cardol showed a broad band charactenstic of the —OH stretch at 3300 -3350 cm''. However, the spectra of anacardic acid and methyl anacardate did not show this band due to H bonding. The formation of the ester derivative was confirmed by the appearance of intense IR peaks at 1245.29 cm.' and 1061.99 ern'' Results of UV spectroscopy further confirmed die structural difference of anacardic acid and methyl anacardatc The insecticidal activity of the CNSL extract, isolated components and ester derivative of anacardic acid was determined using a bioassay with powder-post beetles. This involved measurement of the number of holes in treated bamboo culms caused by the beetles as well as the weight loss of the bamboos The crude CNSL gave complete protection of the bamboos to powder-post beetle infestation as shown by absence of holes. However. the bamboos coated with low CNSL concentrations showed negligible insecticidal activity lite toxicity of CNSL. anacardic acid, cardanol. cardol and meth), anacardate on powder-post beetles and red flour beetles were also .aluakx1 Anacardic acid gave the highest percent mortality among the test components against the beetles Based on the results of the present study. CNSL shows a great potential as insecticide and particularly as preservative of wood and bamboo

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

Call Number

LG 993.5 2007 C4 O23

Document Type

Thesis

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