Avocado (Persea americana, Linn.) flesh oil unsaponifiable fraction: constituents, sunscreening potential and angiogenic activity

Date

5-2007

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

College

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Evelyn B. Rodriguez

Abstract

SALAMANEZ, KEVIN CANALES, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Batios. May 2007. AVOCADO (Persia Americana, Linn.) FLESH OIL UNSAPONIFIABLE FRACTION: CONSTITUENTS, SUNSCREENING POTENTIAL AND ANGIOGENIC ACTIVITY.

Adviser: Evelyn B. Rodriguez, Ph.D.

The constituents, sunscreening potential, and angiogenic activity of avocado (Persia America) flesh oil unsaponifiable fraction were determined. The oil was obtained from avocado flesh oil using solvent extraction with 3:1 v/v dichloromethane-methanol solution. The extracted oil (6.52%) was saponified using ethanolic K01-I giving the unsaponifiable fraction (4.87%). The unsaponifiable fraction was subjected to TLC (4:1 v/v petroleum ether-ethyl acetate). The profile revealed the presence of squalene. a-tocopherol, an unknown component, triterpenes. and phytosterols. By conducting silica gel column chromatography employing gradient elution (9:1 to 4:1 v/v petroleum ether-ethyl acetate). five fractions of avocado flesh oil unsaponifiable fraction were obtained. Fraction A , Fraction B , and Fraction S were scanned in a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. subjected to IR analysis, and subjected to various chemical tests. Results showed that Fractions A, B, and E were determined as squalene, a-tocopherol, and phytosterols, respectively. Silver ion chromatographic separation showed that 13-sitosterol (86.67%). campesterol (8.00%). and stigmasterol (5.33%) were the major phytosterols of the unsaponifiable fraction.

The sunscreen potential of the avocado flesh unsaponifiable fractions was evaluated using the reaction of benzophenone with sunlight producing benzopinacol as precipitate. Statistical treatment of the results showed that at 95% and 99% confidence limits, zinc oxide. Ponds double sunshield cream, squalene, avocado flesh oil, avocado flesh oil unsaponifiable fraction, and chickpea unsaponifiable fraction showed significant sunscreen activity.

The angiogenic activity of avocado flesh oil, avocado flesh oil unsaponifiable fraction, squalene, a-tocopherol, and chickpea unsaponifiable fraction were also determined at various concentrations (50 ppm, 100 ppm, 400 ppm and 800 ppm) in PBS using the duck embryo assay, with quercetin as reference material. Results showed that avocado flesh oil, avocado flesh oil unsaponifiable fraction, squalene, a-tocopherol, and chickpea unsaponifiable fraction at all concentrations caused a thinner omphalomesenteric vein and reduced sinus tcrminalis of the embryo. The angiogenic activity of the samples are more pronounced with increasing concentration.

The study demonstrated that avocado fruits have sunscreening and anti-angiogenic activities which can be attributed to the constituents of the unsaponifiable fraction.

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

Call Number

Thesis

Document Type

Thesis

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