Date

4-2009

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Economics

College

College of Economics and Management (CEM)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Zenaida M. Sumalde

Abstract

Health has always been an issue with regards to human life. Poor health may reduce the productivity of a person. And as such, health is an important factor in any economy. Typhoid is a contagious disease that is caused by Salmonella typhi which is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water. Last 2008, a typhoid outbreak occurred in Calamba City. The said outbreak was costly especially to households. This paper estimated the costs of the 2008 typhoid outbreak among households in Calamba City. The socio-economic profile of households, as well as their perception about the outbreak was described in this paper. The costs incurred by households due to the typhoid outbreak were identified and estimate. Primary data used in this study are from the survey conducted in barangay Bagong Kalsada, Pansol, Bucal, Lecheria and Halang; the heavily affected areas of the outbreak. Two valuation methods were used in this study: Cost of Illness and Preventive Expenditure. The study discovered that the respondents have different perceptions on what caused the typhoid outbreak. However, majority of the respondents perceived that broken water pipes and poor sanitation were the main causes. Majority of the respondents get their water from the water district. On the average, household consumption of water sourced from the water district is 22.4 cubic meters per month. On the other hand, households consumed 40 gallons of water per month from water stations. Majority of the respondents were found to be dissatisfied with the service provided by the water district. The reasons were due to the typhoid outbreak, delays in service, neglects of broken pipe lines, and poor maintenance of pipe lines. Victims of the typhoid outbreak were rendered to be inactive by a number of days. On the average, victims are ill for 9 days. The study revealed that the heavily affected age group was 5-15 years old. The average total cost was estimated by aggregating the Cost of Illness (COI) and Preventive Expenditures (PE) of households. On the average, the expenditure of direct costs under COI is PhP 13,437.00 for confined victims. The bulk of the costs came from hospitalization costs which have an average expenditure of PhP 7,089.00. On the other hand, for outpatient victims, the COI amounted to PhP 5,118.00. The bulk of the costs came from medicine cost which is PhP 3,067.00 on the average. Indirect costs were also computed as a part of COI. Indirect costs in the study were in terms of foregone income. The average foregone income of confined victims was PhP 5,645.00 while it was PhP 5,817.00 for outpatient. For PE, households with confined victims incurred a higher cost with PhP 404.00 compared to that of with outpatient victims with PhP 388.00. The study revealed that the cost to hospitalized victims is greater than that of the outpatient victims. An average expenditure of PhP 19,486.00 was incurred by the hospitalized victims while PhP 11,323.00 was incurred by the outpatients.

Language

English

Call Number

LG 993.5 2009 E2 L39

Document Type

Thesis

Download

Share

COinS