Toxicity of selected pesticides to freshwater shrimp, Paratya australiensis (Decapoda: Atyidae): Use of time series acute toxicity data to predict chronic lethality

Abstract

Toxicity of six pesticides (carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, dimethoate, diuron and fenarimol) to the freshwater shrimp, Paratya australiensis was assessed after 96h exposures. Of the six pesticides tested, alpha cypermethrin was the most toxic to the shrimp followed by chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, dimethoate, fenarimol and diuron. Regression methods for predicting chronic toxicity (lethality) from acute lethality data with shrimp were developed and compared, and it was found that the log-log model gives the most reliable predictions of the probability of death as a function of extended exposure times. Based on this model, chronic toxicity (21 days) to P. australiensis was estimated as 0.0058γg/L for alpha cypermethrin, 4.9γg/L for carbaryl, 0.004γg/L for chlorpyrifos, 89γg/L for dimethoate, 240γg/L for diuron and 1500γg/L for fenarimol. Acute LC10 values were also useful predictors of the chronic lethality.The log-log model was used to derive extrapolated chronic values that were compared to measured experimental chronic values for two fish species. The predictions of chronic toxicity based on acute toxicity data were found to give credible results for both fish species. These predictions of chronic toxicity can therefore be used in ecological risk assessments to fill in gaps with reasonable confidence where no measured estimates of chronic toxicity are available. © 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Source or Periodical Title

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

ISSN

1476513

Page

360-369

Document Type

Article

Subject

Acute toxicity, Chronic toxicity, Extrapolation, Log-log model, Pesticide, Prediction, Shrimp, Time series

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