Genetics and economics of artificial insemination of cattle and carabaos in the Philippines

Abstract

The scope of artificial insemination (AI) of cattle and carabaos in the Philippines is limited and field success rates are unsustained and very low. Natural mating and traditional husbandry practices in many smallholder farms result in much lower levels of production and a lower rate of reproduction. AI has the potential to launch a rapid genetic improvement through the extensive use of semen from proven sires. In a selection program, the genetic impact of AI can be realized largely through a more intense selection and higher accuracy of evaluation. However, there is no local selection program. Records of performance of progenies borne out of AI are notably lacking. Economic benefits from AI, on the other hand, may accrue from savings in maintaining fewer sires, increased maternal value as a result of local selection; sale of better breeding stock as clean up bulls; live calf advantage realized through the use of calving ease sires and through group calving; and weight and age advantages obtained through genetic superiority or through crossbreeding. Some policy recommendations are given with regard to the national breeding program, breeding stations/centers, professional AI services, decisions on importation, and future programs.

Source or Periodical Title

Philippine Agricultural Scientist

ISSN

317454

Page

213-229

Document Type

Article

Subject

Artificial insemination, Breeding program, Carabao, Cattle, Genetic improvement, Profitability of artificial insemination

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