Cytotoxicity of Peperomia pellucid (L.) HBK extracts on cancer cell lines and their effects on cfos and cjun genes

Issue Date

3-2019

Abstract

The cytotoxicity of methanolic and ethanolic extracts from the plant locally known as 'Pansit-pansitan' [Peperomia pellucid (L.) HBK] on human cancer and normal cell lines was determined. Extracts were obtained by macerating fresh aerial of the plant with methanol and ethanol, followed by rotary evaporation. Extracts were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and filter-sterilized. Cytotoxicity was tested on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29), human monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1), and normal human fibroblast and liver cells (HDFn and THELE-3, respectively) using PrestoBlue R resazurin assay. Zeocin was used as positive control. Absolute quantification of transcript levels for the early apoptotic cfos and cjun marker genes was conducted using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cytotoxicity tests showed that based on the guidelines of the US National Cancer Institute, both extracts were highly cytotoxic to the cancer cell lines, as evidenced by their half maximal cytotoxic concentration (IC 50) values below 20 mug/mL. These ranged from 7.374 to 12.112 mug/mL. On the other hand the extracts were found to be nontoxic to the two normal cell lines HDFn and THLE-3, with (IC50) of 55.629 mug/mL, respectively, for the methanolic extract; and 52.188 mug/mL, and 63.483 mug/mL, respectively, for the ethanolic extract. Expression of the early apoptotic genes cjun and cfos was found to be upregulated in both HT-29 and THP-1 treated with (IC50) of the plant extracts. The results showed that the extracts have promising anti cancer therapeutic potential, as suggested by the upregulation of the expression of the early apoptotic genes cjun and cfos in cancer cells, without being cytotoxic to normal cells.

Source or Periodical Title

Philippine Agricultural Scientist

ISSN

0031-7454

Volume

102

Issue

1

Page

24-32

Document Type

Article

College

College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS)

Physical Description

graphs; table

Language

English

Subject

Medicinal plants; Plant extracts -- Therapeutic use;Ethanol

En – AGROVOC descriptors

PEPEROMIA; SPECIES; PLANT EXTRACTS; DRUG PLANTS; NEOPLASMS; TOXICITY; METHANOL; ETHANOL; APOPTOSIS

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