Genetic relationship of seven Artocarpus species (Moraceae) based on isozyme analysis

Issue Date

4-2010

Abstract

Since the Philippines is placed in a prominent position as the country of origin and speciation of Artocarpus, the genetic relationship of seven Artocarpus species belonging to the family Moraceae was determined through isozyme analysis. samples were obtained from the field genebank of the National Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory, Institute of Plant Breeding, Crop Science Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños and at the vicinity of Mt. Makiling. The species include jackfruit (A. heterophyllus Lam.), monkey jackfruit (A. rigidus Blanco), breadfruit [A. altilis (Park.) Forsberg], breadnut ( A. camansi Blanco), marang (A. odoratissimus Banco), gumihan (A. sericicarpus Jarret) and lakoocha or monkey jack (A. lakoocha Roxb.). Five presumptive loci were detected for three enzyme systems considered, namely: acid phosphatase (ACPH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and esterase (EST). Two loci were observed for ACPH:: monomorphic ACPH-1 with Rf value of 0.08-0.13 and a polymorphic ACPH-2. All of the seven species showed SS genotype for ACPH-1. For ACPH-2, both slow (S) and fast (F) moving bands were noted. The S band migrated to Rf value of 0.23-0.30, while the F moving band localized to Rf value of 0.35-0.42. A odoratissimus, A. heterophyllus, A. camansi, and A. altilis exhibited SF genotype. Both A. sirici carpus and lakoocha showed SS genotype, while A. rigidus showed FF genotype. For ALP, only one locus (ALP-1) with S and F moving bands were noted with Rf value of 0.17-0.22 and 0.27-0.32, respectively. A. odoratissimus, A. camansi, A. altilis and A. lakoocha exhibited SF genotype. A. sericicarpus and A. rigidus exhibited SS genotype. Two loci were detected for esterase namely: EST-1, with Rf value of 0.10-0.15 and EST-2 with Rf value of 0.26-0.31. All the species exhibited SS genotype for EST-1, while only A.camansi, A. altilis, A. sericicarpus and A. lakoocha showed SS genotype for EST-2. From the isozyme data, a dendrogram showing the genetic relationship of the seven species was constructed. At 0.70 similarity index, A. odoratissimus and A. heterophyllus were found to be in one cluster. A. altilis and A. camansi clustered with A. lakoocha. A. rigidus did not cluster with any of the other species. Based on leaf and fruit morphology, A. odoratissimus and A. heterophyllus have elliptic to oval leaf shape, A. camansi and A. altilis have deeply lobed leaves and round to oval fruit shape while A. lakoocha, A. sericicarpus and A. rigidus have different leaf and fruit characteristics from the other species.

Source or Periodical Title

Philippine Journal of Crop Science

ISSN

0115-463x

Volume

35

Issue

1

Page

16-21

Document Type

Article

Frequency

tri-quarterly

Physical Description

table, zymogram, dendrogram

Language

English

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