Field evaluation of crude plant extracts against insect pests and diseases of organically grown pole sitao at UPLB

Issue Date

10-2013

Abstract

The insecticidal activities of 27 crude water plant extracts were evaluated against the eggplant flea beetle Psylliodes sp., common cutworms Spodoptera litura (Fab.). and black aphid Aphis craccivora (Koch) in the laboratory. Among the extracts, langkauas Alpiniapyramidata caused the highest insect mortality and growth inhibition effect, followed by makabuhai Tinophorarumphii, marigold Tageteserecta, oregano Coleus amboinicus, lantana Lantanacamara and luyang dilaw Curcuma longa. The promising crude extracts were selected and field evaluated under organic crop production methods (namely: langkauas, luyang dilaw, lantana and oregano) against insect pests of bushsitao (Trial I) and pole sitao (Trial II) at UPLB. The effectiveness of the crude extracts was compared with that of the conventional farmer's practice of applying of applying synthetic insecticides and fertilizers of growing pole sitao. Finally, based on the results of the first two Trials, oregano(T1), lantana (T2), langkauas (T3) and luyang dilaw (T4) were used during the third Trial. Two kg of each plant material were separately soaked in two litters of water with 45 g perla laundry soap for three days. After three days, each material was filtered and the residue was further macerated in 12 liters of water filtered, and the filtrate was combined in 16-lit knapsack sprayer. The effects of weekly spraying of crude extracts were compared with that of spraying methomyl but applied with organic fertilizer at 500 kg/ha of fermented chicken manure (T5) and the conventional production method (T6 = methomyl + synthetic fertilizer) and the control (T7 = 500 kg/ha of fermented chicken manure). During the third Trial, significantly lower aphid population and damage rating were recorded in plants sprayed with methomyl and the crude plant extracts than those in the control plants. High coccinellid beetle Cheilomenessesmaculatus/Miscraspisdiscolor population was encountered in the Control plants and in the plots sprayed with crude extracts but significantly lower on methomyl-treated plots, indicating that methomyl is deleterious to the coccinelled beetle. The higher yield and net income obtained in T6 could be attributed to the higher amount of nutrients present in the inorganic fertilizer as compared with the plants applied with organic fertilizer but sprayed with methomyl (T5). However, the application of crude extracts is as effective as using methomyl in controlling the major insect pests of pole sitao. All the crude plant extracts significantly reduced the incidence of stem and root of rot stringbeans caused by Sclerotium rolfsii.

Source or Periodical Title

The Philippine Entomologist

ISSN

0048-3753

Volume

27

Issue

2

Page

214

Document Type

Article

Frequency

semi-annually

Language

English

En – AGROVOC descriptors

PSYLLIODES; SPODOPTERA LITURA; APHIS CRACCIVORA; ASPARAGUS BEANS; PEST INSECST; PLANT EXTRACTS; INSECTICIDES

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