Establishment of cell suspension cultures of four abaca cultivars, ‘abuab’, ‘inosa’, ‘parang’, and ‘tangongon’

Abstract

© 2018, International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences. All rights reserved. Established sterile cultures of four abaca cultivars previously inoculated onto MC + 22.19 µM 6-benzyladenine (BA) were induced to form meristematic buds (scalps) on MS + 1 µM indoleacetic acid (IAA) supplemented with either 50 µM BA or 1 µM thidiazuron (TDZ). Explants of all cultivars inoculated onto TDZ containing medium produced higher number of shoots and scalps than BA supplemented culture medium. ‘Parang’ cultivar produced the highest number of scalps followed by ‘Tangongon’, ‘Abuab’ and ‘Inosa’. Globule structure formation was observed in modified liquid medium consisted of 1/2 MS macronutrients and Fe-EDTA with 5 µM 2,4-D and 1 µM zeatin. Fifty to sixty globules from each cultivar were collected and maintained for three weeks in fresh culture medium for the establishment of embryogenic cell suspension cultures. The highest number of cells released from globules was observed at five days after incubation except for ‘Parang’ cultivar which attained its peak after four days of incubation. Cell viability ranging from 59 to 87.1% was observed at four to five days of incubation in all abaca cultivars. Mature embryogenic cells of the four abaca cultivars were induced to undergo somatic embryogenesis in MS + 10 µM BA, MS + 10 µM BA + 7.6 µM Abscissic acid (ABA) and MS + 10 µM BA + 7.6 µM ABA + 0.01% w/v malt extract, however no further growth was observed in the three media formulations after 3-4 weeks of incubation. On the other hand, highest number of cells released from globules was observed at five days after incubation except for ‘Parang’ cultivar which attained its peak after four days of incubation. Cell viability ranging from 59 to 87.1% was observed at four to five days of incubation in all abaca cultivars. However, in MS + 9.1 µM zeatin medium, mature embryogenic cells of ‘Tangongon’ and ‘Abuab’ cultivars could successfully develop into somatic embryos. The fully developed somatic embryos obtained from ‘Tangongon’ cells continued to proliferate but no germination occurred. Moreover, only root formation was observed in ‘Abuab’ cultivar, indicating the absence of embryo bipolarity.

Source or Periodical Title

Journal of the International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences

ISSN

8593132

Page

105-115

Document Type

Article

Subject

Cell viability, Globule formation, Meristematic buds, Somatic embryo, Thidiazuron

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