Environmentally safe management strategies against root-knot nematodes affecting selected vegetable crops

Professorial Chair Lecture

Dole Asia Professorial Chair Lecture

Place

Crop Protection Cluster Auditorium, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna

Date

6-20-2007

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes are very destructive on many agriculture crops like banana, vegetables, ornamentals, rice and others. A greater proportion of the estimated US $100 billion economic losses due to nematodes in worldwide agriculture is attributed to damage done by Meloidogyne spp. Management of nematodes during the previous years y by the use of chemical nematicides; but they is are not recommended for general use because of their prohibitive cost and their toxic effects on human, animals and the environment. This paper deals with alternative and safe management knot nematodes of selected vegetable crops. The strategies against nagement strategies a root- use of nematophagous fungi which can be mass produced in locally available substrates can be used effectively against the nematode pest. Experiments in the laboratory revealed a 65% to 80% reduction in egg hatching of M. incognita and a range of 76.0% to 86% parasitism on eggs and larvae of the nematode. The fungi were also effective during the greenhouse evaluation resulting to 75.0% to 92.3% reduction in number of galls, lower mean gall index ratings and lesser nematode recoveries in the soil. Field evaluation in different location regardless of method of application revealed a 54.8% to 70.1% reduction of the nematode population. On the other hand, the use of crucifer wastes as biofumigant proved effective against tomato knot nematode infection. Radish, broccoli and chaism leaves applied as soil incorporation gave better results than mustard, cabbage and cauliflower leaves resulting to lower gall index rating and lower nematode recoveries from soil 4 weeks after treatment application. Various field experiments conducted in several location using the roots and leaves of different brassicas as macerated or shredded materials also significantly reduced root-knot nematode populations in the soil resulting to more than 50% reduction to as high as 88.0% reduction of Meloidogyne spp. population. Also integration of both biofumigant and nematophagous fungi shows promising results against root-knot nematode infection of okra in the greenhouse.

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

College

College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS)

Language

English

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