Morpho-anatomy and phytochemical constituents of bignay bark, Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng., and validation of its anti-diabetic properties.

Date

5-2011

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Biology

College

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Lourdes B. Cardenas

Co-adviser

Maria Amelita C. Estacio

Abstract

Bignay, Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng, bark water decoction is traditionally used as herbal medicine for diabetes in the Philippines. Morpho-anatomical observations showed that bignay has a flaky-scarry bark type. Fresh samples were found to have a laminated break with white-yellow inner hark. In contrast, samples stored for 6 months were found to have a fibrous break with pale brown inner bark. Thin layer chromatography of bignay hark aqueous extract revealed poor bantling indicating the low extracting capacity of water. On the other hand, alcohol extracts of bignay hark showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, and saponin constituents. Determination of the total phenolic content of the sample via the Folin-Ciocaltcau assay also showed the poor extracting capacity for phenolic compounds of water decoction (7.529 ± 0.038 mg GAE/gsanipk) over methanol maceration (35.276 ± 0.629 mg GAE/gsampte). Nevertheless, it was shown that bignay bark contains a considerable amount of phenolic compounds. Two-week acute toxicity test of three doses of (3,440 mg/kgBw, 344 mg/kgBw, 34 mg/kgBw) in male BALB/c mice revealed that bignay bark decoction exhibits no toxic effect. The approximated dosage used in traditional medicine of 344 mg/ kgBw in water decoction, was, thus used for diabetic mice bioassay. Daily administration of this decoction showed no significant effect in the body weight, BMI, organ weight, adipose tissue weight, and blood glucose level of alloxan diabetic BALB/c mice. In contrast, decrease in feed and water intake was observed in the said treated animals. Interestingly, urine specific gravity comparable to normal mice were observed in treated diabetic mice. This, together with results on urine glucose, urine pH, and water intake, translates to improved renal function related to antioxidants present in the bignay bark. The bignay bark may not be anti-diabetic as no hypoglycemic action at the stated dose was observed. However, it showed promising potency in alleviating diabetes complications, which is useful in the management of the disease.

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

Call Number

Thesis

Document Type

Thesis

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