Application of pectinase in the extraction of essential oil from neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)

Date

10-2003

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

College

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Teresita M. Espino

Abstract

Essential oil from neem (Azadirachita indica A. Juss) leaves was extracted using pectinase. The pectinase activity was 28 .00 PTE units/gram. Petroleum other was used as the extracting solvent.

Several parameters such as enzyme concentration, inoculation time sample buffer dilution ratio and incubation temperature were organized to obtained the maximum neem oil yield. The optimized condition used were as follows: enzyme concentration, 1.00% (w/w), incubation time, 12 hours, sample buffer dilution ratio 1:2 (w/v) and incubation at room temperature (-30oC)

The collected neem oil was oily, semi-solid, and greenish yellow in color. Analyses of the physical properties of neem oil showed specific gravities of 0.884 and 0.865 for the control (untreated) and pectinase extracted mixture. respectively. Values were slightly lower than the reported literature values (0.908-0.934) for the refractive indices, 1.440 and 1.428 were obtained for the control (untreated) and pectinase extracted neem oils, respectively which conformed with the obtained by RYM Exports, India which was 1.462. Both the control (untreated) and pectinase extracted neem oil were slightly soluble in 70% ethanol.

Using the optimized conditions, essential oil yields 1.01% and 1,93% were obtained for the control (untreated) and pectinase extracted neem leaves. Pectic enzyme treatment using the optimized conditions resulted in a 2 fold increase in neem oil yield.

Gas chromatographic analysis showed the presence of at least eight components for the control (untreated) and five components for the pectinase extracted neem oil However, peaks with retention time (minutes) of 22, 39, 23.00 and 27.30 of the pectinase extracted neem oil had higher concentrations (8.38%, 11.8% and 47.11%) than those of the control (untreated) e.g 4.78%, 8.54% and 33.88% respectively.

Language

English

Location

UPLB Main Library Special Collections Section (USCS)

Call Number

Thesis

Document Type

Thesis

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