Comparative Analysis of Profitability Between Hybrid and Native BVreed Pig Production in Selected Municipalities of Quezon, 2024

Date

6-2025

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Agricultural Economics

College

College of Economics and Management (CEM)

Adviser/Committee Chair

Lianne Maxine Tabanggay

Committee Member

Geny F. Lapiña, Maria Angeles O. Catelo

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For non-UP researchers, requests for access to this material may be directed to the CEM Library at cemlibrary.uplb@up.edu.ph or to the UKDR administrator at uscs-mainlib.uplb@up.edu.ph

Abstract

Swine production remains a vital component of the Philippine livestock sector, with pork serving as a primary source of protein and income for many Filipino households. While hybrid pigs dominate the commercial landscape, native pigs offer advantages such as lower maintenance costs and resilience to local conditions. Despite increasing demand for native pork, many farmers in Quezon Province, one of CALABARZON's top native pig producers, remain hesitant to shift to native pig farming due to perceptions of lower profitability and seasonal market viability. This study compared the profitability of hybrid and native swine production in selected municipalities in Quezon. It aimed to describe the socioeconomic characteristics, institutional factors, and farm-specific characteristics of native and hybrid pig raisers; describe production practices; estimate profit from swine raising; determine and compare profitability; analyze factors affecting profitability; and provide recommendations based on the findings.

A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select participants from the municipalities of Tiaong, Tayabas, and Atimonan in Quezon Province. Primary data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested questionnaire. Purposive sampling identified barangays with the highest number of swine raisers, and snowball sampling was used to select respondents due to the absence of breed-specific lists. Using Slovin’s formula, 78 backyard swine raisers were selected, equally allocated between 39 hybrid and 39 native raisers. The number of respondents per barangay was determined using proportional allocation.

Hybrid fattening farms had the highest NFI per cycle (PhP 228,620.99) and per month (PhP 51,186.86). For NFI per kilogram, breeding-to-fattening operations yielded higher NFI than fattening alone across both hybrid (PhP 123.83) and native (PhP 105.29) farms. In terms of profitability, the RROA results showed that all swine farm types were profitable. Hybrid fattening farms had the highest RROA (52.6%), followed by hybrid breeding-to-fattening (46.9%), native breeding-to-fattening (26.1%), and native fattening (4.9%). Mann-Whitney U tests showed no statistically significant difference in profitability between hybrid and native swine farms under both operations. This implies that swine farms in selected Quezon municipalities may attain comparable profitability regardless of breed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that swine raising experience, monthly non- farm income, and type of operation significantly influence farm profitability. Specifically, longer experience, higher non-farm income, and engagement in breeding-to-fattening were associated with a greater likelihood of profitability.

Based on the results of the study, swine raisers are encouraged to shift to breeding- to-fattening operations. Current and aspiring producers may plan to scale up gradually.

Investors can prioritize farms with infrastructure and willingness to expand. Policymakers can initiate a Farmer's Mentorship Program, Income Mix Assistance Program, and Community Boar Service Program. Support for communal forage gardens and feed formulation training is also recommended.

Language

English

LC Subject

Swine breeds, Swine industry

Location

UPLB College of Economics and Management (CEM)

Call Number

LG 993.5 2025 A14 V35

Notes

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Document Type

Thesis

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