Genetic identity, morphological characterization and biotic stress profile of selected traditional rice varieties

Issue Date

6-2017

Abstract

Traditional rice variety (TRV) is known morphologically and genetically diverse and a potential source of valuable traits used in crop improvement. It also demonstrate good eating quality and health promoting substance that convey high premium price in the market. Establishment of genetic identify of these varieties through morphological and molecular methods is a significant aspect for the preservation of these rice germplasm. The objectives of this study are to determine the genetic identify using short tandem repeats (STR) marker, characterize collected traditional rice germplasm materials based on the standard descriptors for rice and to evaluate the resistance of traditional rice varieties to common rice insect pests and diseases. A total of 180 traditional rice varieties were collected from different parts of the Philippines of which 111 were characterized using 52 qualitative and quantitative trait and pest reaction profiles were determined. DNA fingerprint of 69 traditional rice varieties are almost finished and genetic identity of Milagrosa is completed using 15 STS markers. Using the DNA fingerprints data, 2 major clusters have been generated using NTSYS v.2.1 showing low similarity coefficient of 4% among the 30 selected traditional rice cultivars. Morpho-agronomic traits of 111 TRVs were observed and recorded, most of them have white caryopsis and non-glutinous endosperm while few were observed glutinous type and purple caryopsis color. Different distinct attributes like dense panicles with greater than 330 grains per panicles were noted in Buwan and Malido, long panicle measured 30 cm were observed in 16 traditional rice varieties. Most of the TRVs evaluated were susceptible to bacterial leaf blight, sheath blight and rice tungro disease while exhibited resistance to rice blast pathogen and intermediate reaction to whitehead, brown planthopper and green leafhopper.

Source or Periodical Title

Philippine Journal of Crop Science

ISSN

0115-463X

Volume

42

Issue

Supplement no. 1

Page

104-105

Document Type

Article

College

College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS)

Language

English

Subject

Rice varieties; DNA; Rice disease and pest resistance

En – AGROVOC descriptors

ORYZA SATIVA; VARIETIES; INDIGENOUS ORGANISMS; DNA; GERMPLASM; EVALUATION; GENETIC MARKERS; 'DISEASE RESISTANCE; PEST RESISTANCE; STRESS

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