Behavior Changes and LC50 of Dried Garlic (Allium sativum) Acute Toxicity in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Juvenile [RESEARCH NOTE]

Authors

Gregoria Erazo Pagador, Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC/AQD), 5021 Tigbauan, Iloilo, PhilippinesFollow
Haydee Rose Dumaran Paciente, Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC/AQD), 5021 Tigbauan, Iloilo, PhilippinesFollow
Blan Jericho Caloyloy, Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC/AQD), 5021 Tigbauan, Iloilo, PhilippinesFollow

Publication Date

6-1-2023

Abstract

Plant-based compounds are emerging substitutes for chemical treatments in aquaculture since they are known to cause less harm to both the environment and its organisms. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a popular herb that has a broad range of uses, especially in the control and treatment of bacterial and parasitic diseases. However, its toxicity to tilapia is not well-studied. Hence, this study was conducted to test the toxicity levels of garlic powder in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by determining the cumulative mortality and median lethal concentration (LC₅₀). Test fish were exposed through immersion in 6 concentrations (150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 mg L^-1) of garlic powder with 25% allicin and a control in 96 h static bioassay. Within 24 h, test fish exposed to 250 mg L^-1 garlic and above, exhibited abnormal behaviors such as lethargy, gasping for air, and weak responses to environmental stimuli. Cumulative mortality was highest at 100% in 400 mg L^-1 garlic at 48 h. Mortalities were dependent on the concentration and duration of exposure. The 96 h LC₅₀ of garlic powder to O. niloticus was 225.86 mg L^-1 with lower and upper confidence limits of 210.37 and 242.50 mg L^-1, respectively at 27°C.

Recommended Citation

Erazo Pagador, Gregoria; Dumaran Paciente, Haydee Rose; and Caloyloy, Blan Jericho (2023) "Behavior Changes and LC50 of Dried Garlic (Allium sativum) Acute Toxicity in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Juvenile [RESEARCH NOTE]," The Philippine Agricultural Scientist: Vol. 106: No. 2, Article 3.
Available at: https://www.ukdr.uplb.edu.ph/pas/vol106/iss2/3