Beta-Casomorphin7 Detection in Milk from Dairy Species and Beta-Casein Protein Characterization in Cattle from Selected Provinces in the Philippines

Authors

• Angelo M. Tapia, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601; Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines; Dairy Training and Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines; Nagoya University Asian Satellite Campus-Philippines, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), College, Laguna, PhilippinesFollow
• Cynthia R. Oliveros Maria, Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
• Queennie Hope D. Umipon, Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
• Hazel Marie E. Nicolas, Dairy Training and Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
• Naoya Ogawa, Technical Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
• Yasuyuki Kitaura, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601

Publication Date

3-1-2026

Abstract

This study was conducted to detect β-casomorphin7 (BCM7) in dairy animals and to characterize the β-casein (CSN2) genotype among dairy cattle breeds in the Philippines. A total of 59 dairy animals, composed of 35 cattle (12 Holstein Sahiwal [HS16 Jersey × Holstein Friesian [JHF], and 7 Siquijor Native Cattle [SNC]), 15 buffaloes (Bulgarian Murrah and Brazilian Murrah), and 9 goats (Saanen and Anglo-Nubian) were collected with milk samples. Milk protein was extracted and subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) analysis after stimulated gastrointestinal digestion. BCM7 was detected in cattle with an average concentration of 0.322 + 0.080, whereas it was not found in all milk samples from buffalo and goat. To confirm the BCM7 expressed by different cattle breeds, genotyping was done on 24 heads of cattle. Genotyping revealed that the A1A1, A1A2, and A2A2 genotypes were present among milk samples. Detected genotypes had a significant impact on the levels of BCM7. The highest level of BCM7 was observed in the A1A1 genotype, and the lowest concentration of BCM7 was obtained from the A2A2 genotype. Notably, the presence of the A2A2 genotype in SNC indicates that this native breed could be utilized to develop a local dairy breed in the Philippines with highquality protein.

Recommended Citation

Tapia, Angelo M.; Oliveros, Cynthia R. Maria; Umipon, Queennie Hope D.; Nicolas, Hazel Marie E.; Ogawa, Naoya; and Kitaura, Yasuyuki (2026) "Beta-Casomorphin7 Detection in Milk from Dairy Species and Beta-Casein Protein Characterization in Cattle from Selected Provinces in the Philippines," The Philippine Agricultural Scientist: Vol. 109: No. 2, Article 4.
Available at: https://www.ukdr.uplb.edu.ph/pas/vol109/iss2/4